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Food-Borne Illness

The Usual SuspectsIllustration: Sandwhich surrounded by bacteria

  These six bacteria are the most common
  causes of food‑borne illness.



Illustration: E-coliEager
Ernie

also known as

Photo: E-coli

Illustration: SalmonellaSlippery
Sam

also known as

Photo: Salmonella

Illustration: Listeria monocytogenesLester
the Jester

also known as

Photo: Listeria monocytogenes

E-coli 0157:H7

Known to Frequent

  • The intestines of cattle, poultry, and other animals
  • Petting zoos

Known Hideouts

  • Raw or undercooked ground beef
  • Unpasteurized milk or raw milk products
  • Unpasteurized apple cider or juice
  • Raw produce

Modus Operandi

  • Can sneak into meat when an animal is slaughtered
  • Can infiltrate meat during the grinding process
  • Can cause illness if meat is not properly cooked and handled

Evidence

  • Stomach cramps, vomiting, mild fever, occasionally bloody diarrhea, and even death in severe cases

Known to Strike

  • From 2 to 10 days after the victim has eaten contaminated food

Period of Violation

  • From 7 to 10 days

E-Coli

(external link: Canadian Food
Inspection Agency
)

Salmonella

Known to Frequent

  • The environment, animal feed and the intestines of animals

Known Hideouts

  • Raw and undercooked meat, especially poultry
  • Unpasteurized milk and raw milk products
  • Undercooked sprouts
  • Raw produce (if exposed to a contaminated source)

Modus Operandi

  • Can cause illness through consumption of contaminated products
  • Can sneak into foods that have been exposed to animal waste

Evidence

  • Flu-like fever, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and vomiting

Known to Strike

  • From 12 to 72 hours after the victim has eaten contaminated food

Period of Violation

  • Up to 7 days

Salmonella

(external link: Canadian Food
Inspection Agency
)

Listeria monocytogenes

Known to Frequent

  • The environment – particularly soil, vegetation, and animal feed
  • Human and animal feces

Known Hideouts

  • Various dairy products, vegetables, luncheon meats, smoked fish and patés
  • Unpasteurized milk or raw milk cheese

Modus Operandi

  • Grows slowly on and in foods stored in a refrigerator
  • Can spread during food preparation when in contact with an infected product or surface

Evidence

  • Cramps, diarrhea, vomiting, constipation, and persistent fever
  • Flu-like symptoms may be followed by brain or blood infection, which may result in death
  • May lead to miscarriage during early stages of pregnancy, stillborn or acutely ill baby in later stages

Known to Strike

  • From 2 to 30 days, and up to 90 days after the victim has eaten contaminated food

Period of Violation

  • In otherwise healthy individuals, mild symptoms may disappear in a day or two

Listeria

(external link: Canadian Food
Inspection Agency
)

Illustration: Campylobacter jejuniCrazy
Cathy

also known as

Photo: Campylobacter jejuni

Illustration: Clostridium bothulinumToxic
George

also known as

Photo: Clostridium bothulinum

Illustration: ShigellaShameless
Sheila

also known as

Photo: Shigella

Campylobacter jejuni

Known to Frequent

  • The intestines of poultry, cattle, swine, household pets, rodents, wild birds, and manure

Known Hideouts

  • Raw or undercooked chicken
  • Raw milk
  • Untreated water

Modus Operandi

  • Spreads from hands not washed properly after petting cats and dogs
  • Sneaks into food that has been improperly handled

Evidence

  • Diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain, nausea, headache, muscle pain, vomiting and in severe cases Guillain-Barré Syndrome, meningitis, septicemia, and urinary tract infections

Known to Strike

  • From 2 to 5 days after the victim has eaten contaminated food

Period of Violation

  • From 7 to 10 days; most people recover within a few days to a few weeks

Campylobacter

(external link: Canadian Food
Inspection Agency
)

Clostridium botulinum

Known to Frequent

  • The environment – happiest in the absence of oxygen

Known Hideouts

  • Home canned, low-acid foods
  • Honey

Modus Operandi

  • Produces a food toxin which acts as a nerve poison
  • Can’t make adults sick on his own, but the toxin he produces does

Evidence

  • Nausea vomiting, fatigue, double vision, vertigo, headache, dry nose and throat, respiratory failure, and even paralysis and death in some cases

Known to Strike

  • From 12 to 36 hours after the victim has ingested the toxin

Period of Violation

  • From 2 hours to 14 days (some symptoms may linger much longer)

Botulism

(external link: Canadian Food
Inspection Agency
)

Shigella

Known to Frequent

  • The intestinal tracts of humans and other primates

Known Hideouts

  • Salads, homemade pudding, milk, luncheon meats, raw oysters, and raw produce

Modus Operandi

  • Infiltrates farms with poor sanitation
  • Sneaks into food that has been improperly handled

Evidence

  • Diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, vomiting, and dehydration

Known to Strike

  • From 12 to 50 hours, and sometimes up to 7 days after the victim has consumed contaminated food

Period of Violation

  • From 3 to 14 days

Shigella

(external link: Canadian Food
Inspection Agency
)